| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party |
PSOE |
Spain |
1879-05-02 |
— |
Social democracy/ democratic socialism/ progressivism |
Centre-left |
Active |
| People's Party |
PP |
Spain |
1989-01-20 |
— |
Liberal conservatism/ Christian democracy/ economic liberalism |
Centre-right |
Active |
| Vox |
VOX |
Spain |
2013-12-17 |
— |
Spanish nationalism/ national conservatism/ social conservatism |
Right-wing / Far-right |
Active |
| Sumar |
Sumar |
Spain |
2023-06-02 |
— |
Democratic socialism/ progressivism/ feminism/ green politics |
Left-wing |
Active |
| Podemos |
Podemos |
Spain |
2014-03-11 |
— |
Democratic socialism/ populism/ feminism/ anti-austerity |
Left-wing |
Active |
| Republican Left of Catalonia |
ERC |
Spain |
1931-03-19 |
— |
Catalan independence/ republicanism/ social democracy |
Centre-left / Left-wing |
Active |
| Together for Catalonia |
Junts |
Spain |
2020-07-03 |
— |
Catalan independence/ liberalism/ nationalism |
Centre-right / Centre |
Active |
| Basque Nationalist Party |
PNV / EAJ |
Spain |
1895-07-31 |
— |
Basque nationalism/ Christian democracy/ social liberalism |
Centre / Centre-right |
Active |
| EH Bildu |
EH Bildu |
Spain |
2012-06-10 |
— |
Basque nationalism/ democratic socialism/ left-wing nationalism |
Left-wing |
Active |
| Galician Nationalist Bloc |
BNG |
Spain |
1982-09-26 |
— |
Galician nationalism/ socialism/ social democracy |
Left-wing |
Active |
| Republican Left of Catalonia–Catalonia Yes |
ERC |
Spain |
1931-03-19 |
— |
Catalan republicanism/ independence/ social democracy |
Centre-left |
Active |
| Popular Unity Candidacy |
CUP |
Spain |
1986 |
— |
Catalan independence/ anti-capitalism/ socialism/ feminism |
Far-left |
Active |
| Basque Country Gather |
EA |
Spain |
1986-09-04 |
— |
Basque nationalism/ social democracy/ independence |
Centre-left |
Active |
| Navarrese People's Union |
UPN |
Spain |
1979-01-03 |
— |
Navarrese regionalism/ conservatism/ Spanish unionism |
Centre-right |
Active |
| Canary Coalition |
CC |
Spain |
1993-02-15 |
— |
Canarian nationalism/ regionalism/ conservatism |
Centre / Centre-right |
Active |
| New Canaries |
NC |
Spain |
2005-02-04 |
— |
Canarian nationalism/ social democracy/ regionalism |
Centre-left |
Active |
| Compromís |
Compromís |
Spain |
2010-01-09 |
— |
Valencian nationalism/ progressivism/ green politics/ social democracy |
Left-wing / Centre-left |
Active |
| Valencian Nationalist Bloc |
BLOC |
Spain |
1998-09-28 |
2021-06-13 |
Valencian nationalism/ social democracy/ progressivism |
Centre-left |
Dissolved / absorbed into Més-Compromís |
| More Country |
Más País |
Spain |
2019-09-25 |
2023-06-07 |
Green politics/ progressivism/ social democracy |
Centre-left / Left-wing |
Dissolved / integrated into Sumar |
| Citizens |
Cs |
Spain |
2006-07-09 |
— |
Liberalism/ Spanish nationalism/ social liberalism |
Centre / Centre-right |
Active/ marginal |
| Union/ Progress and Democracy |
UPyD |
Spain |
2007-09-26 |
— |
Social liberalism/ Spanish civic nationalism/ centralism |
Centre |
Active/ marginal |
| Animalist Party With the Environment |
PACMA |
Spain |
2003-01-22 |
— |
Animal rights/ environmentalism/ progressivism |
Left / Green |
Active |
| Cantabrian Regionalist Party |
PRC |
Spain |
1978-11-10 |
— |
Cantabrian regionalism/ social democracy |
Centre-left / Centre |
Active |
| Aragonese Party |
PAR |
Spain |
1978-12-07 |
— |
Aragonese regionalism/ centrism/ social liberalism |
Centre |
Active |
| Chunta Aragonesista |
CHA |
Spain |
1986-06-29 |
— |
Aragonese nationalism/ social democracy/ environmentalism |
Left / Centre-left |
Active |
| Teruel Existe |
TE |
Spain |
2020-02-10 |
— |
Regionalism/ ruralism/ decentralisation |
Centre |
Active |
| Asturian Forum |
Foro |
Spain |
2011-01-18 |
— |
Asturian regionalism/ conservatism/ regional development |
Centre-right |
Active |
| Asturian Left |
IAS |
Spain |
2011 |
— |
Asturian nationalism/ socialism |
Left-wing |
Active |
| Més per Mallorca |
MÉS |
Spain |
2010-12-04 |
— |
Mallorcan nationalism/ ecosocialism/ progressivism |
Left-wing |
Active |
| Més per Menorca |
Més |
Spain |
2014-12-20 |
— |
Menorcan regionalism/ ecosocialism/ progressivism |
Left-wing |
Active |
| Geroa Bai |
Geroa Bai |
Spain |
2011-01-29 |
— |
Basque/Navarrese nationalism/ progressivism/ social democracy |
Centre-left |
Active |
| Socialists of Galicia |
PSdeG |
Spain |
1977-05-26 |
— |
Social democracy |
Centre-left |
Active |
| People's Party of Navarre |
PPN |
Spain |
2008-03-08 |
— |
Conservatism/ Spanish nationalism/ Christian democracy |
Centre-right |
Active |
| Valencian People's Party |
PPCV |
Spain |
1989 |
— |
Conservatism/ Christian democracy/ Spanish regionalism |
Centre-right |
Active |
| Democratic Convergence of Catalonia |
CDC |
Spain |
1974-11-17 |
2016-07-08 |
Catalan nationalism/ liberalism/ Christian democracy |
Centre / Centre-right |
Dissolved |
| Democratic Union of Catalonia |
UDC |
Spain |
1931-11-07 |
2017-03-24 |
Catalan nationalism/ Christian democracy |
Centre-right |
Dissolved |
| Convergence and Union |
CiU |
Spain |
1978-09-02 |
2015-06-17 |
Catalan nationalism/ liberalism/ Christian democracy |
Centre-right |
Dissolved |
| Basque Solidarity |
EA |
Spain |
1986-09-04 |
— |
Basque nationalism/ social democracy |
Centre-left |
Active |
| Eusko Alkartasuna |
EA |
Spain |
1986-09-04 |
— |
Basque nationalism/ social democracy |
Centre-left |
Active |
| Herri Batasuna |
HB |
Spain |
1978-10-27 |
2001-06-23 |
Basque nationalism/ socialism |
Left-wing |
Dissolved |
| Batasuna |
Batasuna |
Spain |
2001-06-23 |
2003-03-02 |
Basque nationalism/ socialism |
Left-wing / Separatist |
Dissolved / outlawed |
| Communist Party of Spain |
PCE |
Spain |
1921-11-14 |
— |
Communism/ Marxism/ democratic socialism |
Far-left |
Active |
| United Left |
IU |
Spain |
1986-04-29 |
— |
Democratic socialism/ communism/ ecosocialism |
Left-wing |
Active |
| Spanish Communist Workers' Party |
PCOE |
Spain |
1973-07-13 |
— |
Marxism-Leninism/ communism |
Far-left |
Active |
| Spanish Falange |
FE-JONS |
Spain |
1976 |
— |
Falangism/ Spanish nationalism/ national syndicalism |
Far-right |
Active |
| Spanish Falange of the JONS |
FE de las JONS |
Spain |
1976 |
— |
Falangism/ national syndicalism/ Spanish nationalism |
Far-right |
Active |
| Spanish National Front |
Frente Nacional |
Spain |
1986 |
1993 |
Spanish nationalism/ neo-fascism |
Far-right |
Dissolved |
| Democratic Social Centre |
CDS |
Spain |
1982-07-29 |
2005-11-18 |
Liberalism/ centrism/ social liberalism |
Centre |
Dissolved |
| Union of the Democratic Centre |
UCD |
Spain |
1977-05-03 |
1983-02-18 |
Liberalism/ Christian democracy/ social democracy |
Centre |
Dissolved |
| Spanish Workers' Communist Party |
PCOE |
Spain |
1973-07-13 |
— |
Communism/ Marxism-Leninism |
Far-left |
Active |
| Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain |
PCPE |
Spain |
1984-01-13 |
— |
Marxism-Leninism/ communism |
Far-left |
Active |
| African Party for the Independence of Cabo Verde |
PAICV |
Cabo Verde |
1981 |
— |
Social democracy/ Democratic socialism |
Centre-left to left-wing |
Active |
| Movement for Democracy |
MpD |
Cabo Verde |
1990 |
— |
Liberalism/ Christian democracy |
Centre to centre-right |
Active |
| Democratic and Independent Cape Verdean Union |
UCID |
Cabo Verde |
1975 |
— |
Conservatism/ Christian democracy |
Centre-right to right-wing |
Active |
| Democratic Convergence Party |
PCD |
Cabo Verde |
1994 |
— |
Democratic pluralism |
Centre |
Active |
| Labour and Solidarity Party |
PTS |
Cabo Verde |
1998 |
— |
Social democracy |
Left-wing |
Active |
| Colombian Liberal Party |
PLC |
Colombia |
1848 |
— |
Liberalism/ Social democracy |
Centre to centre-left |
Active |
| Colombian Conservative Party |
PCC |
Colombia |
1849 |
— |
Conservatism/ Christian democracy |
Centre-right to right-wing |
Active |
| National Popular Alliance |
ANAPO |
Colombia |
1961 |
1998 |
Populism/ Nationalism |
Syncretic |
Dissolved |
| Patriotic Union |
UP |
Colombia |
1985 |
— |
Socialism/ Left-wing nationalism |
Left-wing |
Active |
| Democratic Alliance M-19 |
AD M-19 |
Colombia |
1990 |
2000 |
Social democracy/ Progressivism |
Centre-left |
Dissolved |
| Radical Change |
CR |
Colombia |
1998 |
— |
Conservative liberalism |
Centre-right to right-wing |
Active |
| Alternative Democratic Pole |
PDA |
Colombia |
2005 |
— |
Democratic socialism/ Progressivism |
Left-wing |
Active |
| Green Alliance |
AV |
Colombia |
2009 |
— |
Green politics/ Progressivism |
Centre-left |
Active |
| Democratic Center |
CD |
Colombia |
2013 |
— |
Uribism/ Right-wing populism |
Right-wing to far-right |
Active |
| Humane Colombia |
CH |
Colombia |
2011 |
— |
Social democracy/ Progressivism |
Left-wing |
Active |
| National Liberal Party |
PLN |
Panama |
1903 |
2006 |
Liberalism |
Centre to centre-right |
Dissolved |
| People's Party |
PP |
Panama |
1960 |
— |
Christian democracy |
Centre to centre-right |
Active |
| Democratic Revolutionary Party |
PRD |
Panama |
1979 |
— |
Social democracy/ Populism |
Centre-left |
Active |
| Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement |
MOLIRENA |
Panama |
1982 |
— |
National liberalism/ Conservatism |
Centre-right |
Active |
| Panameñista Party |
PAN |
Panama |
1990 |
— |
National conservatism/ Populism |
Centre-right |
Active |
| Democratic Change |
CD |
Panama |
1998 |
— |
Conservatism/ Economic liberalism |
Centre-right to right-wing |
Active |
| Patriotic Union |
UP |
Panama |
2006 |
2011 |
Liberal conservatism |
Centre-right |
Dissolved |
| Alliance Party |
ALIANZA |
Panama |
2018 |
— |
National liberalism |
Centre-right |
Active |
| Realizing Goals |
RM |
Panama |
2021 |
— |
Right-wing populism |
Right-wing |
Active |
| Another Way Movement |
MOCA |
Panama |
2022 |
— |
Anti-corruption/ Big tent |
Centre |
Active |
| Federalist Party |
FED |
United States of America |
1789 |
1824 |
Classical conservatism/ Federalism |
Centre-right |
Dissolved |
| Democratic-Republican Party |
DR |
United States of America |
1792 |
1825 |
Jeffersonian democracy/ Agrarianism |
Centre-left |
Dissolved |
| Whig Party |
WHIG |
United States of America |
1833 |
1856 |
Modernization/ Economic nationalism |
Centre-right |
Dissolved |
| Free Soil Party |
FS |
United States of America |
1848 |
1854 |
Anti-slavery expansion |
Single-issue |
Dissolved |
| Populist Party (People's Party) |
POP |
United States of America |
1891 |
1908 |
Populism/ Left-wing nationalism |
Left-wing |
Dissolved |
| Progressive Party (Bull Moose) |
PROG |
United States of America |
1912 |
1920 |
Progressivism/ Social liberalism |
Centre-left |
Dissolved |
| Democratic Party |
D / DEM |
United States of America |
1828 |
— |
Modern liberalism/ Progressivism |
Centre-left |
Active |
| Libertarian Party |
LP |
United States of America |
1971 |
— |
Libertarianism/ Laissez-faire |
Right-wing |
Active |
| Republican Party |
R / GOP |
United States of America |
1854 |
— |
American conservatism/ Libertarianism |
Centre-right to right-wing |
Active |
| Green Party |
GPUS |
United States of America |
2001 |
— |
Green politics/ Eco-socialism |
Left-wing |
Active |
| Progressive Party of Working People |
AKEL |
Republic of Cyprus |
1941 |
— |
Communism/ Cypriotism |
Left-wing |
Active |
| Patriotic Front |
PF |
Republic of Cyprus |
1959 |
1969 |
Big tent/ Pro-Makarios |
Syncretic |
Dissolved |
| United Democratic Union of the Center |
EDEK |
Republic of Cyprus |
1969 |
— |
Social democracy |
Centre-left |
Active |
| Unified Party |
ENIAION |
Republic of Cyprus |
1969 |
1976 |
Conservative liberalism |
Centre-right |
Dissolved |
| Democratic Rally |
DISY |
Republic of Cyprus |
1976 |
— |
Liberal conservatism |
Centre-right |
Active |
| Democratic Party |
DIKO |
Republic of Cyprus |
1976 |
— |
Centrism/ Cypriot nationalism |
Centre |
Active |
| National Popular Front |
ELAM |
Republic of Cyprus |
2008 |
— |
Ultranationalism/ Far-right populism |
Far-right |
Active |
| Democratic Alignment |
DIPA |
Republic of Cyprus |
2018 |
— |
Centrist liberalism |
Centre |
Active |
| Finnish Social Democratic Party |
SDP |
Finland |
1899 |
— |
Social democracy/ labourism/ welfare state/ progressive politics |
Centre-left |
Active |
| National Coalition Party |
KOK |
Finland |
1918 |
— |
Liberal conservatism/ economic liberalism/ pro-Europeanism |
Centre-right |
Active |
| Centre Party of Finland |
KESK |
Finland |
1906 |
— |
Agrarianism/ social liberalism/ decentralisation |
Centre |
Active |
| Finns Party |
PS |
Finland |
1995 |
— |
Finnish nationalism/ social conservatism/ economic nationalism/ immigration restrictionism |
Right-wing / National conservative |
Active |
| Green League |
VIHR |
Finland |
1987 |
— |
Green politics/ environmentalism/ social liberalism |
Centre-left / Green |
Active |
| Left Alliance |
VAS |
Finland |
1990 |
— |
Democratic socialism/ socialism/ labour rights/ feminism |
Left-wing |
Active |
| Swedish People's Party of Finland |
RKP / SFP |
Finland |
1906 |
— |
Swedish-speaking minority rights/ liberalism/ social liberalism |
Centre / Liberal |
Active |
| Christian Democrats of Finland |
KD |
Finland |
1958 |
— |
Christian democracy/ social conservatism |
Centre-right |
Active |
| Movement Now |
LIIKE |
Finland |
2018 |
— |
Liberalism/ entrepreneurship/ political reform |
Centre / Liberal |
Active |
| Communist Party of Finland |
SKP |
Finland |
1918 |
— |
Communism/ Marxism-Leninism (historically)/ socialism |
Far-left |
Active (minor party) |
| People's Democratic League |
SKDL |
Finland |
1944 |
1990 |
Socialism/ communism/ left-wing populism |
Left-wing |
Dissolved (merged into Left Alliance) |
| Finnish Rural Party |
SMP |
Finland |
1959 |
1995 |
Agrarian populism/ rural interests/ nationalism |
Right-wing populist / Agrarian |
Dissolved |
| Liberal People's Party |
LKP |
Finland |
1965 |
2011 |
Classical liberalism/ market economy/ individual freedoms |
Centre / Liberal |
Dissolved |
| Young Finns |
Nuorsuomalaiset |
Finland |
1994 |
1999 |
Liberalism/ economic reform/ modernisation |
Centre-right / Liberal |
Dissolved |
| Christian Social People's Party |
CSV |
Luxembourg |
1944 |
— |
Christian democracy/ conservatism/ pro-Europeanism |
Centre-right |
Active |
| Democratic Party |
DP |
Luxembourg |
1955 |
— |
Liberalism/ economic liberalism/ pro-Europeanism |
Centre to Centre-right |
Active |
| Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party |
LSAP |
Luxembourg |
1902 |
— |
Social democracy/ democratic socialism |
Centre-left |
Active |
| The Greens |
déi gréng |
Luxembourg |
1983 |
— |
Green politics/ environmentalism/ social liberalism |
Centre-left |
Active |
| Alternative Democratic Reform Party |
ADR |
Luxembourg |
1987 |
— |
National conservatism/ Euroscepticism/ pension reform |
Right-wing |
Active |
| The Left |
déi Lénk |
Luxembourg |
1999 |
— |
Democratic socialism/ ecosocialism/ anti-capitalism |
Left-wing |
Active |
| Pirate Party Luxembourg |
Piratepartei |
Luxembourg |
2009 |
— |
Digital rights/ transparency/ direct democracy/ liberalism |
Centre |
Active |
| Communist Party of Luxembourg |
KPL |
Luxembourg |
1921 |
— |
Communism/ Marxism-Leninism |
Far-left |
Active (minor party) |
| Party for Integral Democracy |
PID |
Luxembourg |
2013 |
— |
Direct democracy/ political reform |
Centre |
Active (minor party) |
| The Conservatives |
Konservativ |
Luxembourg |
2017 |
— |
Social conservatism/ national conservatism |
Right-wing |
Active (minor party) |
| Social Democratic Party |
PSD |
Luxembourg |
1971 |
1984 |
Social democracy |
Centre-left |
Dissolved (merged into LSAP) |
| Independent Democratic Party |
PDI |
Luxembourg |
1986 |
1994 |
Liberalism/ pension reform |
Centre-right |
Dissolved (merged into ADR) |
| Communist League |
KBL |
Luxembourg |
1970 |
1999 |
Trotskyism/ socialism |
Far-left |
Dissolved (merged into déi Lénk) |
| Social Democrats |
A / S |
Denmark |
1871 |
— |
Social democracy/ democratic socialism |
Centre-left |
Active |
| Venstre – Denmark's Liberal Party |
V |
Denmark |
1870 |
— |
Liberalism/ agrarianism/ economic liberalism |
Centre-right |
Active |
| Danish People's Party |
DF / O |
Denmark |
1995 |
— |
National conservatism/ Danish nationalism/ immigration restrictionism |
Right-wing |
Active |
| Socialist People's Party |
SF / F |
Denmark |
1959 |
— |
Democratic socialism/ green politics/ social democracy |
Left-wing |
Active |
| Liberal Alliance |
LA / I |
Denmark |
2007 |
— |
Classical liberalism/ economic liberalism/ libertarianism |
Centre-right / Right-wing |
Active |
| Moderates |
M |
Denmark |
2022 |
— |
Social liberalism/ centrism/ liberalism |
Centre |
Active |
| Conservative People's Party |
KF / C |
Denmark |
1916 |
— |
Conservatism/ Christian democracy/ economic liberalism |
Centre-right |
Active |
| Red–Green Alliance |
Enhedslisten |
Denmark |
1989 |
— |
Democratic socialism/ ecosocialism/ feminism |
Left-wing |
Active |
| Denmark Democrats |
DD / Æ |
Denmark |
2022 |
— |
National conservatism/ social conservatism/ regionalism |
Right-wing |
Active |
| Danish Social Liberal Party |
RV / B |
Denmark |
1905 |
— |
Social liberalism/ progressivism/ pro-Europeanism |
Centre / Centre-left |
Active |
| The Alternative |
ALT / Å |
Denmark |
2013 |
— |
Green politics/ progressivism/ social liberalism |
Centre-left / Green |
Active |
| Citizens' Party |
BP / H |
Denmark |
2024 |
— |
National conservatism/ populism/ immigration restrictionism |
Right-wing / Populist |
Active |
| Justice Party of Denmark |
Retsforbundet |
Denmark |
1919 |
1982 |
Georgism/ social liberalism |
Centre |
Dissolved |
| Communist Party of Denmark |
DKP |
Denmark |
1919 |
— |
Communism/ Marxism-Leninism |
Far-left |
Active |
| Centre Democrats |
CD |
Denmark |
1973 |
2008 |
Social liberalism/ centrism |
Centre |
Dissolved |
| Progress Party |
FP |
Denmark |
1972 |
1999 |
Classical liberalism/ tax opposition/ populism |
Right-wing |
Dissolved |
| Danish Union |
Danmarks Retsforbund |
Denmark |
1919 |
1982 |
Georgism/ liberalism |
Centre |
Dissolved |
| Danish Nazi Party |
DNSAP |
Denmark |
1930 |
1945 |
Nazism/ fascism |
Far-right |
Dissolved |
| Common Course |
Fælles Kurs |
Denmark |
1986 |
1991 |
Left-wing populism/ socialism |
Left-wing |
Dissolved |
| New Alliance |
Ny Alliance |
Denmark |
2007 |
2008 |
Liberalism/ social liberalism |
Centre |
Dissolved |
| New Conservatives |
Nye Borgerlige |
Denmark |
2015 |
2024 |
National conservatism/ economic liberalism |
Right-wing |
Dissolved |
| Social Democratic Party |
S |
Sweden |
1889-04-19 |
— |
Social democracy; democratic socialism; labourism |
Centre-left |
Active |
| Moderate Party |
M |
Sweden |
1904-10-17 |
— |
Liberal conservatism; economic liberalism; conservatism |
Centre-right |
Active |
| Sweden Democrats |
SD |
Sweden |
1988-02-06 |
— |
Swedish nationalism; national conservatism; right-wing populism |
Right-wing / Far-right |
Active |
| Centre Party |
C |
Sweden |
1913-05-02 |
— |
Agrarianism; social liberalism; decentralisation |
Centre |
Active |
| Left Party |
V |
Sweden |
1917-05-13 |
— |
Democratic socialism; socialism; feminism |
Left-wing |
Active |
| Christian Democrats |
KD |
Sweden |
1964-03-20 |
— |
Christian democracy; social conservatism |
Centre-right |
Active |
| Green Party |
MP |
Sweden |
1981-09-20 |
— |
Green politics; environmentalism; social liberalism |
Centre-left / Green |
Active |
| Liberal Party |
L |
Sweden |
1934-08-05 |
— |
Social liberalism; liberalism; individualism |
Centre / Centre-right |
Active |
| Pirate Party |
PP |
Sweden |
2006-01-01 |
— |
Pirate politics; civil liberties; digital rights; privacy |
Liberal / Cross-spectrum |
Active |
| Feminist Initiative |
FI |
Sweden |
2005-04-03 |
— |
Feminism; egalitarianism; progressivism |
Left-wing |
Active |
| Alternative for Sweden |
AfS |
Sweden |
2017-03-05 |
— |
Swedish nationalism; national conservatism; immigration restrictionism |
Right-wing / Far-right |
Active |
| Direct Democrats |
Direktdemokraterna |
Sweden |
2014 |
— |
Direct democracy; political reform |
Cross-spectrum |
Active |
| Citizens' Coalition |
Medborgerlig Samling |
Sweden |
2014-04-06 |
— |
Classical liberalism; conservatism; economic liberalism |
Centre-right / Right |
Active |
| Classical Liberal Party |
Klassiskt liberala partiet |
Sweden |
2004 |
— |
Classical liberalism; libertarianism |
Right / Libertarian |
Active |
| Unity |
Enhet |
Sweden |
2004 |
— |
Ecological politics; holistic politics; direct democracy |
Green / Cross-spectrum |
Active |
| Nordic Resistance Movement |
NMR |
Sweden |
1997 |
— |
Neo-Nazism; Nordic nationalism |
Far-right / Neo-Nazi |
Active |
| Workers' Party |
Arbetarpartiet |
Sweden |
1970 |
— |
Marxism; socialism |
Far-left |
Active |
| Communist Party |
SKP |
Sweden |
1977 |
— |
Marxism-Leninism; communism |
Far-left |
Active |
| Communist Party of Sweden |
SKP |
Sweden |
1921 |
1967 |
Communism; Marxism-Leninism |
Far-left |
Dissolved |
| Left Party Communists |
VPK |
Sweden |
1921 |
1990 |
Communism; democratic socialism |
Left-wing |
Dissolved / renamed |
| Swedish Communist Party |
SKP |
Sweden |
1917 |
1921 |
Communism; socialism |
Far-left |
Dissolved / split |
| New Democracy |
NyD |
Sweden |
1991-06-04 |
2000 |
Right-wing populism; economic liberalism |
Right-wing / Populist |
Dissolved |
| New Party |
Nya partiet |
Sweden |
1979 |
1982 |
Liberalism; political reform |
Centre |
Dissolved |
| Swedish People's Party |
Svenska folkpartiet |
Sweden |
1900 |
1924 |
Swedish minority rights; liberalism |
Centre |
Dissolved |
| National Organization |
Allmänna valmansförbundet |
Sweden |
1904 |
1938 |
Conservatism; nationalism; economic liberalism |
Right-wing |
Dissolved / evolved into Högerpartiet |
| General Electoral League |
Allmänna valmansförbundet |
Sweden |
1904 |
1938 |
Conservatism; anti-socialism |
Right-wing |
Dissolved |
| Right Party |
Högerpartiet |
Sweden |
1938 |
1969 |
Conservatism; liberal conservatism |
Right-wing |
Dissolved / renamed Moderate Party |
| People's Party |
Folkpartiet |
Sweden |
1934 |
1990 |
Liberalism; social liberalism |
Centre |
Dissolved / evolved into Liberal Party |
| Liberal People's Party |
Folkpartiet liberalerna |
Sweden |
1990 |
2015 |
Social liberalism; liberalism |
Centre |
Dissolved / renamed Liberals |
| Liberal Party |
Liberalerna |
Sweden |
2015 |
— |
Social liberalism; liberalism |
Centre / Centre-right |
Active |
| Swedish Social Democratic Workers' Party |
SAP |
Sweden |
1889 |
— |
Social democracy; democratic socialism |
Centre-left |
Active |
| Agrarian Party |
Bondeförbundet |
Sweden |
1913 |
1958 |
Agrarianism; rural interests |
Centre |
Dissolved / renamed Centre Party |
| Farmers' League |
Bondeförbundet |
Sweden |
1913 |
1958 |
Agrarianism; decentralisation |
Centre |
Dissolved |
| Communist Party of Sweden |
Sveriges kommunistiska parti |
Sweden |
1921 |
1967 |
Communism; Marxism-Leninism |
Far-left |
Dissolved |
| Workers' Party – Communists |
APK |
Sweden |
1977 |
— |
Marxism-Leninism; communism |
Far-left |
Active |
| Socialist Party |
Socialistiska partiet |
Sweden |
1934 |
1943 |
Revolutionary socialism; Trotskyism |
Far-left |
Dissolved |
| Swedish Socialist Party |
Sveriges socialistiska parti |
Sweden |
1943 |
1948 |
National socialism / socialism |
Far-left / Nationalist |
Dissolved |
| People's Party |
Folkpartiet |
Sweden |
1934 |
1990 |
Social liberalism |
Centre |
Dissolved |
| Democracy Party |
Demokrati |
Sweden |
1991 |
1994 |
Direct democracy; populism |
Centre |
Dissolved |
| Local Party Network |
Lokala partier |
Sweden |
— |
— |
Localism; municipal politics |
Cross-spectrum |
Active |
| National Rally |
RN |
France |
1972-10-05 |
— |
Nationalism; national conservatism; right-wing populism |
Right-wing / Far-right |
Active |
| Renaissance |
RE |
France |
2016-04-06 |
— |
Liberalism; social liberalism; pro-Europeanism |
Centre |
Active |
| The Republicans |
LR |
France |
2015-05-30 |
— |
Gaullism; conservatism; economic liberalism |
Centre-right / Right |
Active |
| La France Insoumise |
LFI |
France |
2016-02-10 |
— |
Democratic socialism; ecosocialism; populism |
Left-wing / Far-left |
Active |
| Socialist Party |
PS |
France |
1969-05-04 |
— |
Social democracy; democratic socialism; progressivism |
Centre-left |
Active |
| The Ecologists |
LE |
France |
2010-11-13 |
— |
Green politics; environmentalism; ecosocialism |
Left / Centre-left |
Active |
| French Communist Party |
PCF |
France |
1920-12-30 |
— |
Communism; democratic socialism |
Left-wing / Far-left |
Active |
| Democratic Movement |
MoDem |
France |
2007-05-10 |
— |
Social liberalism; centrism; pro-Europeanism |
Centre |
Active |
| Horizons |
HOR |
France |
2021-10-09 |
— |
Liberal conservatism; Gaullism; centrism |
Centre-right |
Active |
| National Centre of Independents and Peasants |
CNIP |
France |
1949-01-06 |
— |
Conservatism; economic liberalism |
Right-wing |
Active |
| Debout France |
DLF |
France |
1999-02-23 |
— |
Gaullism; French sovereignty; nationalism |
Right-wing |
Active |
| Reconquête |
REC |
France |
2021-12-05 |
— |
National conservatism; nationalism; immigration restrictionism |
Right-wing / Far-right |
Active |
| Patriots |
LP |
France |
2017-09-29 |
— |
Sovereigntism; nationalism; Euroscepticism |
Right-wing |
Active |
| National Republican Movement |
MNR |
France |
1999-01-24 |
— |
Nationalism; national conservatism |
Far-right |
Active |
| Workers' Struggle |
LO |
France |
1968-07-01 |
— |
Trotskyism; communism |
Far-left |
Active |
| New Anticapitalist Party |
NPA |
France |
2009-02-06 |
— |
Anti-capitalism; Trotskyism; ecosocialism |
Far-left |
Active |
| Revolutionary Communist Party |
PCR |
France |
2023-10-21 |
— |
Communism; Marxism-Leninism |
Far-left |
Active |
| Republican and Socialist Left |
GRS |
France |
2018-12-03 |
— |
Republicanism; democratic socialism; secularism |
Left-wing |
Active |
| Radical Party of the Left |
PRG |
France |
1972-12-04 |
— |
Radicalism; social liberalism; secularism |
Centre-left |
Active |
| Radical Party |
PRV |
France |
1901-06-23 |
— |
Radicalism; liberalism; secularism |
Centre |
Active |
| Union of Democrats and Independents |
UDI |
France |
2012-09-18 |
— |
Liberalism; centrism; pro-Europeanism |
Centre-right |
Active |
| Democratic Independent Alliance |
L'AID |
France |
2024 |
— |
Liberalism; centrism |
Centre |
Active |
| Movement for France |
MPF |
France |
1994-11-20 |
2018 |
Conservatism; French sovereignty; Euroscepticism |
Right-wing |
Dissolved |
| Union for French Democracy |
UDF |
France |
1978-02-01 |
2007-11-30 |
Liberalism; Christian democracy; centrism |
Centre-right |
Dissolved |
| Rally for the Republic |
RPR |
France |
1976-12-05 |
2002-09-21 |
Gaullism; conservatism; French nationalism |
Right-wing |
Dissolved |
| Union for a Popular Movement |
UMP |
France |
2002-11-17 |
2015-05-30 |
Gaullism; conservatism; liberalism |
Centre-right |
Dissolved |
| National Front |
FN |
France |
1972-10-05 |
2018-06-01 |
Nationalism; national conservatism; right-wing populism |
Far-right |
Dissolved / renamed RN |
| Movement for France |
MPF |
France |
1994-11-20 |
2018 |
Conservatism; sovereigntism |
Right-wing |
Dissolved |
| French Movement |
MDF |
France |
1994 |
2000 |
Sovereigntism; Gaullism |
Right-wing |
Dissolved |
| Union of the Right |
UDR |
France |
2024-06-11 |
— |
Gaullism; national conservatism |
Right-wing |
Active |
| En Marche! |
EM / LREM |
France |
2016-04-06 |
2022-09-17 |
Liberalism; progressivism; centrism |
Centre |
Renamed Renaissance |
| Agir |
Agir |
France |
2017-11-26 |
2022-09-17 |
Liberalism; pro-Europeanism; conservatism |
Centre-right |
Dissolved / merged into Renaissance |
| Democratic Confederation of Labour |
CD |
France |
1960 |
— |
Christian democracy; social democracy |
Centre |
Active |
| Movement of Progressives |
MDP |
France |
2017-05-17 |
— |
Progressivism; social democracy |
Centre-left |
Active |
| Génération.s |
G.s |
France |
2017-07-01 |
— |
Democratic socialism; ecosocialism; progressivism |
Left-wing |
Active |
| Place Publique |
PP |
France |
2018-11-08 |
— |
Social democracy; European federalism; environmentalism |
Centre-left |
Active |
| New Deal |
ND |
France |
2015 |
— |
Social democracy; European federalism |
Centre-left |
Active |
| Together! |
Ensemble ! |
France |
2013-11-11 |
— |
Democratic socialism; ecosocialism |
Left-wing |
Active |
| Popular Republican Union |
UPR |
France |
2007-03-25 |
— |
French sovereignty; Euroscepticism |
Sovereigntist |
Active |
| Union of the Republican Right |
UDR |
France |
2024-06-11 |
— |
Gaullism; national conservatism |
Right-wing |
Active |
| Ecological Revolution for the Living |
REV |
France |
2018-11-04 |
— |
Animal rights; environmentalism |
Green / Left |
Active |
| Animalist Party |
PA |
France |
2016-11-14 |
— |
Animal rights; environmentalism |
Cross-spectrum / Green |
Active |
| Ecology at the Centre |
Écologie au Centre |
France |
2015 |
— |
Environmentalism; centrism |
Centre |
Active |
| Independent Ecologist Alliance |
AEI |
France |
1995-07-13 |
— |
Environmentalism; political ecology |
Centre / Green |
Active |
| Movement of Ecologists |
MEI |
France |
1994-05-28 |
— |
Environmentalism; political ecology |
Green / Centre |
Active |
| Independent Ecological Alliance |
AEI |
France |
2009 |
— |
Environmentalism |
Green |
Active |
| Regions and Peoples in Solidarity |
R&PS |
France |
1994 |
— |
Regionalism; decentralisation; environmentalism |
Centre-left / Regionalist |
Active |
| Breton Democratic Union |
UDB |
France |
1964-03-04 |
— |
Breton nationalism; social democracy; environmentalism |
Left-wing / Regionalist |
Active |
| Corsican Nation Party |
PNC |
France |
2002-01-24 |
— |
Corsican nationalism; autonomy; social democracy |
Centre-left / Regionalist |
Active |
| Corsica Libera |
CL |
France |
2009-02-01 |
— |
Corsican nationalism; independence; socialism |
Left-wing / Regionalist |
Active |
| Femu a Corsica |
FaC |
France |
2010-12-18 |
— |
Corsican nationalism; autonomism; social democracy |
Centre-left / Regionalist |
Active |
| Occitan Party |
PÒC |
France |
1987 |
— |
Occitan nationalism; regionalism; ecology |
Centre-left / Regionalist |
Active |
| Alsace First |
Unser Land |
France |
2009 |
— |
Alsatian regionalism; federalism; decentralisation |
Centre / Regionalist |
Active |
| Basque Nationalist Party |
EAJ-PNV |
France |
1895-07-31 |
— |
Basque nationalism; Christian democracy |
Centre / Regionalist |
Active |
| Savoy League |
LS |
France |
1995 |
— |
Savoyard regionalism; autonomy |
Regionalist |
Active |
| Catalan Democratic Convergence |
CDC |
France |
1974 |
2016 |
Catalan nationalism; liberalism |
Centre-right |
Dissolved |
| Catalan Republican Left |
ERC |
France |
1931-03-19 |
— |
Catalan nationalism; republicanism; social democracy |
Centre-left |
Active |
| French Socialist Party |
SFIO |
France |
1905-04-23 |
1969-05-04 |
Socialism; social democracy |
Left-wing |
Dissolved |
| French Section of the Workers' International |
SFIO |
France |
1905-04-23 |
1969-05-04 |
Socialism; social democracy |
Left-wing |
Dissolved |
| French Radical-Socialist Party |
PRS |
France |
1901-06-23 |
1972-12-04 |
Radicalism; republicanism; secularism |
Centre-left |
Dissolved |
| Popular Republican Movement |
MRP |
France |
1944-11-26 |
1967-11-13 |
Christian democracy; Europeanism |
Centre |
Dissolved |
| Independent Republicans |
RI |
France |
1962 |
1977 |
Liberalism; conservatism |
Centre-right |
Dissolved |
| National Centre of Independents |
CNIP |
France |
1949-01-06 |
— |
Conservatism; liberalism |
Right |
Active |
| Democratic Centre |
CD |
France |
1966-02-02 |
1976-05-25 |
Christian democracy; centrism |
Centre |
Dissolved |
| Centre of Social Democrats |
CDS |
France |
1976-05-25 |
1995-11-25 |
Christian democracy; social liberalism |
Centre |
Dissolved |
| Republican Party |
PR |
France |
1977-05-20 |
1997-11-24 |
Liberalism; economic liberalism |
Centre-right |
Dissolved |
| Liberal Democracy |
DL |
France |
1997-06-24 |
2002-11-17 |
Classical liberalism; economic liberalism |
Right |
Dissolved |
| Movement of Citizens |
MDC |
France |
1993-05-29 |
2003 |
Republicanism; sovereigntism; social democracy |
Left-wing |
Dissolved |
| Republican Pole |
PR |
France |
2003 |
2009 |
Republicanism; sovereigntism |
Left-wing |
Dissolved |
| Citizen and Republican Movement |
MRC |
France |
2003-01-27 |
2018 |
Republicanism; democratic socialism; sovereigntism |
Left-wing |
Dissolved |
| Democratic and Social European Rally |
RDSE |
France |
1892 |
— |
Radicalism; republicanism; liberalism |
Centre |
Active |
| French Communist Party |
PCF |
France |
1920-12-30 |
— |
Communism; Marxism; democratic socialism |
Far-left |
Active |
| Workers' Party |
PO |
France |
1991 |
2008 |
Trotskyism; communism |
Far-left |
Dissolved |
| Internationalist Communist Party |
PCI |
France |
1944 |
1968 |
Trotskyism |
Far-left |
Dissolved |
| Revolutionary Communist League |
LCR |
France |
1969-05-01 |
2009-02-05 |
Trotskyism; anti-capitalism |
Far-left |
Dissolved |
| National Republican Movement |
MNR |
France |
1999-01-24 |
— |
Nationalism; national conservatism |
Far-right |
Active |
| National Republican Alliance |
ANR |
France |
2007 |
— |
Nationalism; conservatism |
Right-wing |
Active |
| Party of France |
PDF |
France |
2009 |
— |
Nationalism; national conservatism |
Far-right |
Active |
| French Nationalist Party |
PNF |
France |
1983 |
— |
French nationalism; neo-fascism |
Far-right |
Active |
| French National Party |
PNF |
France |
1983 |
— |
Nationalism; neo-fascism |
Far-right |
Active |
| Nationalist Revolutionary Youth |
JNR |
France |
1987 |
2013 |
Neo-fascism; nationalism |
Far-right |
Dissolved |
| French Nationalist Movement |
MNF |
France |
1988 |
1999 |
French nationalism; neo-fascism |
Far-right |
Dissolved |
| French National Party |
PNF |
France |
1983 |
— |
Nationalism; neo-fascism |
Far-right |
Active |
| Action Française |
AF |
France |
1899 |
— |
Integral nationalism; monarchism; traditionalism |
Far-right |
Active |
| French Popular Party |
PPF |
France |
1936-06-28 |
1945 |
Fascism; collaborationism |
Far-right |
Dissolved |
| National Popular Rally |
RNP |
France |
1941 |
1945 |
Fascism; collaborationism |
Far-right |
Dissolved |
| French Social Party |
PSF |
France |
1936-07-12 |
1940 |
Social conservatism; nationalism |
Right-wing |
Dissolved |
| Union of French Fascists |
UCF |
France |
1933 |
1940 |
Fascism |
Far-right |
Dissolved |